Which term corresponds to the ethical principle that seeks to promote the well-being of others?

• A. Autonomy
• B. Justice
• C. Nonmaleficence
• D. Beneficence

Answer: (D)

Beneficence is the ethical principle that seeks to promote the well-being of others. In medical ethics, it means acting in ways that benefit patients—offering treatments with real positive outcomes, alleviating suffering, and preventing or reducing harm—while carefully weighing the benefits against risks. This differs from autonomy, which centers on respecting a patient’s right to make their own decisions; nonmaleficence, which is about not causing harm; and justice, which concerns fair treatment and the fair distribution of resources. In practice, beneficence guides clinicians to do good and improve welfare, balancing it with respect for patient autonomy and the duty not to harm.