Which federal law protects employees from potential discrimination?

• A. Civil Rights Act of 1964
• B. Americans with Disabilities Act
• C. Equal Pay Act
• D. Age Discrimination in Employment Act

Answer: (A)

Federal protections against workplace discrimination come primarily from the Civil Rights Act of 1964. This law prohibits employers from discriminating in hiring, firing, promotions, pay, or other terms and conditions of employment based on protected characteristics such as race, color, religion, sex, or national origin, and it established the framework for enforcement by the EEOC. Because it covers a broad range of discriminatory practices across multiple bases, it serves as the general shield against discrimination in employment.

The other laws address specific areas: the Americans with Disabilities Act protects qualified individuals with disabilities; the Equal Pay Act targets wage differences based on sex; the Age Discrimination in Employment Act protects workers 40 and older. While important, they are narrower in scope compared to the Civil Rights Act, which is why it is the best answer.